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Vinylene Carbonate (VC)
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Features and benefits of lithium-ion batteries
7 Jan 2019
Formation of stable SEI layer: VC is mainly used to form a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on the anode surface, especially graphite anodes.
The SEI layer is essential to protect the anode from continuous electrolyte breakdown, which can lead to capacity loss and shortened battery life.
Extended cycle life: By forming a stable SEI layer, VC helps reduce the degradation of negative electrode materials, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery.
It minimizes irreversible capacity loss during initial cycling, resulting in better long-term performance.
Improved security: VC contributes to the thermal stability of the battery. The stable SEI layer prevents exothermic reactions between the electrolyte and anode, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
It also helps maintain electrolyte integrity at higher temperatures.
Compatibility with high voltage cathodes: VC is beneficial for batteries with high voltage cathodes as it helps stabilize the electrolyte and prevent oxidative decomposition at higher voltages.
Mechanism of action
During the initial charge cycle, VC is electrochemically reduced at the anode surface.
This reduction results in the formation of a polymer film that constitutes the SEI layer.
The SEI layer is ionically conductive but electronically insulating, allowing lithium ions to pass through while preventing further electrolyte decomposition.
Usage
VC is usually added to the electrolyte at low concentrations, usually in the range of 1-5% by weight.
Can be used in conjunction with other additives to achieve synergistic effects and further enhance battery performance and safety.
Application
VC is widely used in lithium-ion battery applications, including consumer electronics (smartphones, laptops), electric vehicles (EVs), and energy storage systems (ESS).
Security and Operations
VC should be handled with care as it is sensitive to moisture and may decompose if exposed to air for extended periods of time.
Proper storage conditions include keeping it in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture.
In summary, vinylene carbonate (VC) is an important additive in lithium-ion batteries and contributes significantly to forming a stable SEI layer, extending cycle life, and improving the overall safety and performance of the battery.
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